analysis

The other day we pointed to a primer on private equity that ran in the New York Sun. Almost in passing, that article noted that a private equity firm had recently “concluded a deal in which there were no covenants.” This is something that deserves more attention than it gets, in part because easier access to debt is one of the things that is helping drive the boom in private equity.
Debt covenants are promises companies make to lenders when they borrow money in the form of bonds or bank debt. Often these covenants restrict the amount of additional debt a company can borrow, require the company to meet certain financial revenues and may restrict the kinds of business a company can engage in, what kind of capital expenditures it can make and prohibit dividends until the debt is paid off. Particularly for troubled companies, these covenants are often merely common sense and may even help a company by giving it some corporate discipline.
But they can also be a burden on a company, particularly in a dynamic or growing industry. The amendment process to change the covenants can be difficult, requiring the agreement of many lenders. Substituting new debt is often an expensive process, giving rise to prepayment premiums and fees from lawyers and investment banks.
Getting lighter covenants is a goal of most companies seeking debt. And here is where private equity has an advantage. A single company may only need to come to investment banks seeking debt once every five years or so. This is a very long time on Wall Street. It means that bankers with relationships with these companies aren’t going to be collecting fees from them very often, which gives the companies less leverage when negotiating covenants.
Private equity firms change the dynamic. They may have multiple portfolio companies seeking new debt each year. Which means they are throwing a lot of fees at the bankers involved. This gives them greater leverage in the conference room. Everyone wants the business of the private equity shops, which means they get concessions a single company wouldn’t be able to get. When KKR or Tommy Lee are on the other side of the table, they basically get what they want. You can bet that the borrower who got a covenant free loan was sponsored by one of these guys (assuming it wasn’t an investment grade company).
In short, private equity shops can get good deals for their companies because they do so many deals.

Looks like that Peter Brimelow column we linked to this morning was dead on. Gold up. Dollar down.
And with that, the DealBreakers are just about DFD. Write-offs up next.

Gold prices climbed 1.4 percent on Friday on a weaker dollar, with the absence of U.S. players making the market choppy, dealers said.
Platinum also gained, but traded well below this week’s record high of $1,395 an ounce on talk of an exchange traded fund (ETF). Other precious metals followed gold’s upward move.
“The market is trying to get up to $640 an ounce at some point, but there are some sell orders around there,” said a precious metals trader in London.
“The dollar is weak at the moment. The market is fairly thin so it didn’t take a huge amount to move it up,” he added.
Spot gold was quoted at $639.30/640.30 an ounce by 1453 GMT, up from $630.30/631.30 late in London on Thursday.


Gold moves higher as weaker dollar spurs buying
[Reuters]

soldoutstocks.jpgDaniel Gross at Slate writes:

This year is shaping up to be a record for both leveraged buyouts and stock buybacks. According to Thomson Financial, buyouts worth $334.5 billion have been announced or completed so far this year, up from $115 billion for all of last year. According to Standard & Poor’s, members of the S&P 500 Index spent $325.15 billion on their own shares in the first three quarters of 2006 and have spent more than $674 billion since Jan. 1, 2005. Between buybacks and buyouts, that’s more than $1.1 trillion of stock taken out of public hands in less than two years.

The Mystery of the Disappearing Stocks

Hawes-hbs.jpgOkay. Fine. That’s probably not the way the Harvard Business School market signaling metric described below works at all. But we still kind of like the idea of too many HBS graduates getting a little to aggressive with those pitchbooks and tanking the market.

Everyone has his own method of timing the market. When Joseph Kennedy’s shoeshine boy began asking him for stock tips in 1929, old Joe had a hunch it was time to sell.
Ray Soifer, a retired executive from Brown Brothers Harriman, has his own system. And it’s proven itself to be a splendid long-term indicator of the American equities market.
Mr. Soifer tracks how many Harvard Business School graduates choose market-sensitive jobs each year. If 10% or less of that year’s class take jobs in investment banking, investment management, sales & trading, venture capital, private equity, or leveraged buy-outs, it’s a long-term ‘buy’ signal.
If 30% or more take such jobs, it’s a long-term ‘sell.’
This year, some 37% of Harvard Business School’s graduate found work on Wall Street, up from 30% a year ago and 26% for the Class of 2004. The trend suggests that Wall Street is becoming bloated and the American economy is ripe for a slowdown.

Equities Swing With Harvard MBAs [New York Sun]

  • 06 Nov 2006 at 12:39 PM
  • analysis

Dow 13,000? Not So Fast

Kevin Duffy of Bearing Asset Management has a column on Lew Rockwell’s site laying out lots and lots of example of, uhm, irrational exuberance about the market. It’s not so much the optimism that’s making him nervous but about the ubiquity of the optimism.

Never confuse a stampeding herd with the facts. Only in a bubble can the majority – utterly intolerant of dissent – delude itself into believing it is in the dissenting minority. We’re not sure whether such behavior is disingenuous or simply dysfunctional. Perhaps the old saw applies: “When everyone is thinking alike, no one is really thinking.”


Sell Dow 12,000
[LewRockwell.com]

  • 05 May 2006 at 12:39 PM
  • analysis

So Long, Sell-Side?

tombstoness.jpgA few years ago, when we were younger and stupider, we predicted the death of sell-side analysis (citing RegFD, access to data, etc) half-joking suggesting that it would be reclassified as “marketing”. And then sell-side analysis stubbornly refused to die, much to our disappointment. But Paul Kedrosky suggests that the end is near and Lehman’s already removing the feeding tube:

When is an equity analyst not an equity analyst? Apparently when they work at Lehman. That’s because Lehman is moving some analysts to the trading desk and calling them “desk analysts”… Unlike normal analysts, these desk analysts can give on-the-fly recs, don’t publish research, and aren’t bound by new SEC dislosure regulations. While a cynic would call this a way to end-run regulation, I think it an overdue change. Let’s stop pretending that equity analysts can operate in a some rarified world separate from how their income is generated (i.e., trading). Analyst are salespeople. Always have been, always will be.

When Is An Analyst Not An Analyst [Infectious Greed]

  • 27 Apr 2006 at 11:05 AM
  • analysis

DealBreaker Financial Tools™

In keeping with our continuing coverage of the “New, New Economy” we have begun collecting a series of mergers and acquisitions analysis and valuation tools. Cumulatively, we expect these will give the modern investment banker a goodly number of financial arrows in her quiver. On Tuesday, we formalized the Idov Multiple. Today we bring you the Kanige Chaos Theory of M&A due diligence.
(You’re welcome.)
Eventually, we expect that bankers who do not have these tools will be left behind in the fast-paced financial world, shortfalling $200 million dollar valuations of commerciablog firms and executing poorly vetted $500 million acquisitions of bricks and mortar publishing firms silly enough to sign a teenaged author.

  • 14 Apr 2006 at 9:43 AM
  • analysis

The Hipster Retail Index

misshapes.jpgCNBC, for lack of Morning Call programming, is currently showing a documentary about everyone’s favorite big box punching bag titled “The Age of Wal-Mart.” As far as we’re concerned, Target is Wal-Mart with better branding and packaging, but you’ll never see an “Age of Target” documentary. Our theory is that anti-Wal-Mart sentiment has more to do with class warfare and perception than fundamentals and that the same is true of many companies.
So when we’re not clear on where a company stands PR-wise, we go to one the more fashionable ‘burbs of NYC and find ourselves a hipster (hipsters, above left) and ask them what they think about a particular company. Hipsters make for an interesting litmus test because they pride themselves on non-conformity but have fairly homogenous tastes and value systems. We can’t decide if media perception is reflective of their value systems or they’re simply reflecting mainstream media perceptions, but the correlation seems to be very high. The conversation always goes something like this:
DealBreaker: Would you ever, under any circumstances, set foot in a Wal-Mart?
Hipster: (Glaring) Are you fucking kidding me? If I wanted to be exploited, I’d move to, like, the Bronx or something. Wait. Are you wearing Brooks Brothers? Like, unironically?
DB: Uh, okay. What about Target?
Hipster: (Glances around to see if other hipsters are within earshot). Yeah, sure. I got some rad socks there last week. I’m going to wear them as gloves.
DB: Right. Moving on. What you consider the fundamental difference between Wal-Mart and Target?
Hipster:… You know what? I’m not going to answer your little bourgeois questions. Get out of my borough, yuppie.
DB: How about Exxon?
Hipster: Fuck off.
The Age of Wal-Mart [CNBC]

  • 11 Apr 2006 at 12:21 PM
  • analysis

NYC at 7.5% over 380 Years…

ThinkBlog demonstates the importance of compound interest by calculating whether Peter Minuit got a good deal on the island of Manhattan in 1626. Their explanation and handy charticle:

To understand the magic of compound interest, in 1626, Dutchman Peter Minuit purchased the entire island of Manhattan for $24 from the Wappinger Indians… Compound interest has been called the eighth wonder of the world and with the help of the ninth wonder of the world, the HP 12C, we can calculate whether Peter Minuit got a good deal or not.

manhattan.gif
And if Donald Trump had been around to borrow the $24…
The Power of Growth [ThinkBlog]

  • 07 Apr 2006 at 1:37 PM
  • Google

Yahoo! Finance: 2; Google Finance: 0

Equity Private, still on the Yahoo vs. Google beat, notes (while keeping tabs on KKR’s IRR on the Sealy boyout) that Google Finance doesn’t yet recognize the Sealy ticker. Someone’s asleep (ZZ) at the wheel.

  • 30 Mar 2006 at 9:02 AM
  • analysis

Flogz vs. StockDigg

fight.jpgNothing says Silicon Alley-is-back like the proliferation of me-too products that no one uses. Case in point: StockDigg and Flogz. (And nothing says 1998-is-here-again like the proliferation of nonsensical business names that end in “z” rather than “s”.)
Digg.com, for those of you who are more Web 0.5 than Web 2.0, is a website that allows users to save links and ranks them according to popularity. It has been shamelessly ripped off and repurposed for the finance sector by people who think that the sector will embrace the technology despite a historical tendency to respond to new technologies by laughing maniacally and running away. Or living in denial as if it were St. Tropez. (Floor specialists, I’m talking to you.)
So far Flogz seems to have between 8 and 10 actual users and StockDigg appears to have a couple hundred.